The Brahmaputra Delta in north-eastern India and southern Bangladesh. On the coast of the Bay Of Bengal Sea. it is a confluence of the Ganga, Brahmaputra, and Meghan rivers.  But it’s area extends from the west-east region of Hooghly river in India to the western part of the Meghna river. Perhaps 1600 miles area extends from the bank of Hooghly river to the Meghna river.   A network of estuaries, tidal creeks, and creeks interspersed with numerous channels, it encloses flat, densely forested, marshy islands. The total area of the Sundarbans, including both land and water, is about 3,860 square miles (10,000 sq. km), about three-fifths of which is in Bangladesh. The name Sundarbans is believed to be derived from the word Sundari, the name of the most abundant mangroves in the region, Sundari is one type of tree in the Sundarban. The forested land here extends towards the coast of Mangrove Forest, a low-lying mangrove swamp, which itself consists of sandy mud flats and mud flats. These forests form about two-fifths of the total surface area in the Sundarbans region and cover half of this region. The landscape is constantly being modified by the erosive forces of the sea and wind, and by coastal winds and large amounts of silt with other sediments. The river has also changed the landscape due to human activities. Especially, through deforestation which has accelerated the erosion. In addition, salinity has moved further inland in the river Basin, particularly in the Indian part of the region. The water of these rivers flows towards the Bay of Bengal.

A variety of animals and birds are seen in this region. Mammals include spotted deer, wild boar, otters, wildcats, and the Gangetic river dolphin but many species that once inhabited the area the donkey, guar, water buffalo, and spotted deer are now extinct. It is believed that several dozen species of reptiles and amphibians can be found in the beautiful Barbary, notably crocodiles, Indian pythons, cobras, and sea turtles. The area is home to more than 500 bird species, both seasonal migrants and permanent residents including hornbills, storks, and other waders, kingfishers, white ibis, and raptors such as sea eagles.

The region has long been recognized as a forest reserve but conservation efforts in India were boosted with the creation of the Sundarban Tiger Reserve in 1973. Established in 1984, the Sundarbans National Park was formed as a core area within the Tiger Reserve. It was designated as UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1987. In addition, three unincorporated wildlife sanctuaries have been set up in Bangladesh in the Sundarban. In 1997 the sanctuary and territories were jointly designated as a World heritage site.

Formation:-

Rivers in mature valleys frequently contain extensive marshes and swamps Floodplains may simply be river beds, abandoned river channels, and marshes that remain standing for a valuable part of the year or have slowly flowing water and thus support marshes and swamps.

Topography and water supply are two important features in determining the distribution of freshwater wetlands. The nature of soils and beds is very important in determining the drainage of an area, but wetlands can range from sand to loose rock locally. In a vast delta on the Bay of Bengal lies the Sundarban Forest, formed by the super confluence of the Ganges, Padma, Brahmaputra, and Meghana rivers in southern Bangladesh. From the coastal mangrove forests, the Sundarbans lie in the interior of the freshwater forest as seasonal floods. The Bhagirathi-Hooghly (a distributary) flows southward through the deltaic plain to the Bay of Bengal as the Ganges flows westward and splits into two. The main stream flows south to Bangladesh and joins the Brahmaputra to form a delta.   

Gradually, the people start living there although the most dangerous Bengal tigers are there. The Goddess BANABIBI is present in the mangrove forest. People of Sundarban believe that Maa “BANABIBI” saves them from the tigers. They maintain their daily life through a collection of wood and honey. There is too much sightseeing are available in Sundarban. With the blessing of maa “BANABIBI” and the natural beauty, Sundarban attracts the people more and more gradually. And later Sundarban is developed as a tourist place in West Bengal, India. Now it is one of the most preferable tourist places in India. Lakh and lakh tourists make their Sundarban tour every year.